Antarctic Nemertea

Rachel Grant1, Anton Van de Putte2

1 ; 2 Antarctic Biodiversity Information Facility (ANTABIF), 

Corresponding author(s): Rachel Grant, Anton Van de Putte (antonarctica@gmail.com)

Received {date}; Revised {date}; Accepted {date}; Published {date}

Citation: Combination of authors, year of data paper publication (in parenthesis), Title, Journal Name, Volume, Issue number (in paranthesis), and doi of the data paper.

Abstract

Open-ocean environments provide few obvious barriers to the dispersal of marine organisms.
Major currents and/or environmental gradients potentially impede gene flow. One
system hypothesized to form an open-ocean dispersal barrier is the Antarctic Polar Front,
an area characterized by marked temperature change, deep water, and the high-flow Antarctic
Circumpolar current. Despite these potential isolating factors, several invertebrate
species occur in both regions, including the broadcast-spawning nemertean worm Parborlasia
corrugatus. To empirically test for the presence of an open-ocean dispersal barrier, we
sampled P. corrugatus and other nemerteans from southern South America, Antarctica, and
the sub-Antarctic islands. Diversity was assessed by analyzing mitochondrial 16S rRNA
and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequence data with Bayesian inference and TCS haplotype
network analysis. Appropriate neutrality tests were also employed. Although our
results indicate a single well-mixed lineage in Antarctica and the sub-Antarctic, no evidence
for recent gene flow was detected between this population and South American P. corrugatus.
Thus, even though P. corrugatus can disperse over large geographical distances, physical
oceanographic barriers (i.e. Antarctic Polar Front and Antarctic Circumpolar Current)
between continents have likely restricted dispersal over evolutionary time. Genetic
distances and haplotype network analysis between South American and Antarctic/
sub-Antarctic P. corrugatus suggest that these two populations are possibly two cryptic species.

Data published through GBIF: http://192.168.0.54:8080/ipt-2.0.3/resource.do?r=rachel_antarctic_nemertea

Taxonomic coverage

General taxonomic coverage description: urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:152391
Taxonomic ranks
Phylum: Nemertea [ribbon worms]

Spatial coverage

General spatial coverage: PS, Antarctica
Coordinates: 90°0'0''S and 90°0'0''N Latitude; 180°0'0''W and 180°0'0''E Longitude 

Temporal coverage: January 1, 2008

Datasets

Dataset description
Object name: Darwin Core Archive Antarctic Nemertea
Character encoding: UTF-8
Format name: Darwin Core Archive format
Format version: 1.0
Distribution: http://192.168.0.54:8080/ipt-2.0.3/archive.do?r=rachel_antarctic_nemertea
Publication date of data: 2013-08-07
Language: English
Licenses of use: Freely available if cited

External datasets

Dataset description
Object name: Online dataset
Distribution: http://www.iobis.org/mapper/?dataset=1979

Dataset description
Object name: Metadata
Distribution: http://www.vliz.be/imis/imis.php?module=dataset&dasid=2503

Metadata language: English
Date of metadata creation: 2013-08-07
Hierarchy level: Dataset