Description
Comprehensive information on Antarctic macrobenthic community structure is publicly available since the 1960s. It stems from trawl, dredge, grab, and corer samples as well as from direct and camera observations (Table 1). The quality of this information varies considerably; it consists of pure descriptions, figures for presence (absence) and abundance of some key taxa or proxies for such parameters, e.g. sea-floor cover. Some data sets even cover a defined and complete proportion of the macrobenthos with further analyses on diversity and zoogeography. As a consequence the acquisition of data from approximately 90 different campaigns assembled here was not standardised. Nevertheless, it was possible to classify this broad variety of known macrobenthic assemblages to the best of experts knowledge (Gutt 2007; Fig. 1). This overview does not replace statistically sound community and diversity analyses. However, it shows from where which kind of information is available and it acts as an example of the feasibility and power of such data collections. The data set provides unique georeferenced biological basic information for the planning of future coordinated research activities, e.g. under the umbrella of the biology program "Antarctic Thresholds - Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptation" (AnT-ERA) of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) and especially for actual conservation issues, e.g. the planning of Marine Protected Areas (MPA's) by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR).
Enregistrements de données
Les données de cette ressource occurrence ont été publiées sous forme d'une Archive Darwin Core (Darwin Core Archive ou DwC-A), le format standard pour partager des données de biodiversité en tant qu'ensemble d'un ou plusieurs tableurs de données. Le tableur de données du cœur de standard (core) contient 861 enregistrements.
Cet IPT archive les données et sert donc de dépôt de données. Les données et métadonnées de la ressource sont disponibles pour téléchargement dans la section téléchargements. Le tableau des versions liste les autres versions de chaque ressource rendues disponibles de façon publique et permet de tracer les modifications apportées à la ressource au fil du temps.
Versions
Le tableau ci-dessous n'affiche que les versions publiées de la ressource accessibles publiquement.
Comment citer
Les chercheurs doivent citer cette ressource comme suit:
Gutt J, Barnes DKA, Lockhart S: Antarctic macrobenthic communities: A compilation of circumpolar information
Droits
Les chercheurs doivent respecter la déclaration de droits suivante:
L’éditeur et détenteur des droits de cette ressource est Antarctic Biodiversity Information Facility (ANTABIF). This [DATA(BASE)-NAME] is made available under the Open Data Commons Attribution License: http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/
Enregistrement GBIF
Cette ressource a été enregistrée sur le portail GBIF, et possède l'UUID GBIF suivante : dd92c709-8f7d-4bf3-9897-901aa88486e5. Antarctic Biodiversity Information Facility (ANTABIF) publie cette ressource, et est enregistré dans le GBIF comme éditeur de données avec l'approbation du Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research.
Mots-clé
macrobenthic communities; trawls; dredges; grabs; corers; direct observations (scuba-diving; sea-bed video; sea-bed photography)
Contacts
- Fournisseur Des Métadonnées ●
- Créateur ●
- Personne De Contact
- Editeur
- Editeur
Couverture géographique
The area generally covers almost the entire Southern Ocean, including some ice-shelf covered sites. The vast majority of information is from shelf areas around the continent at water depth shallower than 800m. Non-ice shelf covered shelf areas can be up to 300km wide or the shelf-edge at 600 to 800m depth can "disappear" beneath the floating ice-shelf. Shallow areas (<50m) are rare because 86% of the coast-line is glaciated or consists of an ice-shelf egde. A non-glaciated coast mainly exists along the Antarctic Peninsula. The coastline is either extremely complex with bays, channels , peninsulas, islands etc or less structured, especially where it is formed by the ice-shelf. Overdeepenend basins (inner-shelf depressions) can reach >1200m water depth. Most islands exist west of the Antarctic Peninsula and along the Scotia Arc linking the Peninsula with the southern tip of South America. The coastal waters are mainly affected by the Antarctic Coastal Current (East Wind Drift), whilst the largest off-shore part of the Southern Ocean is dominated by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (West Wind Drift) with gyres of different size. Sediments are predominantly poorly sorted but also cobble "fields", bedrock and pure soft sediments exist. The Antarctic marine ecosystem is shaped by a distinct seasonality of the sea-ice cover affecting a short and intensive primary production in austral summer, by predominantly stable low temperature to which most organisms are specifically adapted and almost missing terrestrial run-off. Most of the shelf-inhabiting macrobenthic species are endemic; some taxa reach above-average species richness (Clarke & Johnston 2003). Only few marine habitats are protected, most of which are small. Plans and proposals for large Marine Protected Areas (MPA's), e.g. in East Antarctica, in the Ross and Weddell Seas exist and demand good scientific knowledge and data.
| Enveloppe géographique | Sud Ouest [-83, -180], Nord Est [-52, 180] |
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Couverture taxonomique
Macrobenthic communities have been uploaded in the category "vernacularNames", abbreviations in "taxonRemarks".
Couverture temporelle
| Date de début / Date de fin | 1956-03-01 / 2010-02-21 |
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Données sur le projet
Pas de description disponible
| Titre | Antarctic macrobenthic communities: A compilation of circumpolar information |
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Les personnes impliquées dans le projet:
- Editeur
Méthodes d'échantillonnage
This project aggregates data from various expeditions with a full range of benthic sampling methods, such as grabs, corers, dredges, and trawls as well as non-invasive observations by scuba divers, stationary, towed, or ROV-based still and video-cameras. For detail descriptions see original publications in journals or data repositories (Table 1).
| Etendue de l'étude | Southern Ocean with emphasize on coastal shelf areas and some islands without specific temporal patterns of sampling. |
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| Contrôle qualité | A first version of the classification of the macrobenthic communities had been published in a peer-reviewed journal (Gutt 2007). A modified version had been published in the Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment report (ACCE, Turner et al. 2009). The actual version is depicted in Fig. 1. |
Description des étapes de la méthode:
- Attribution of the information from the different sources (for references see Table 1) to the classified macrobenthic assemblages (Fig. 1) was done to the best of experts knowledge. The principal parameter, on which theses assumptions have been made was biomass or a proxy for biomass such as sea-floor coverage. Some information on benthic functioning is also included directly or indirectly, e.g. predation, competition, succession after ice-berg scouring, epi-biotic life-mode and oligotrophic conditions under ice shelves.
Données de collection
| Nom de la collection | nil |
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| Identifiant de collection | nil |
| Identifiant de la collection parente | nil |
| Méthode de conservation des spécimens | Other |
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Citations bibliographiques
- Clarke A, Johnston NM 2003. Antarctic marine benthic diversity. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review 41: 47-114 Gutt J 2007. Antarctic macro-zoobenthic communities: a review and an ecological classification. Antarctic Science 9: 165-182 Turner J, Bindschadler R, Convey P, di Prisco G, Fahrbach E, Gutt J, Hodgson D, Mayewsky P, Summerhayes C 2009. Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment. SCAR, Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge; 526pp
Métadonnées additionnelles
Additional files uploaded: list of references (Table 1) & classification of macrobenthic communities (Fig. 1).