說明
Comprehensive information on Antarctic macrobenthic community structure is publicly available since the 1960s. It stems from trawl, dredge, grab, and corer samples as well as from direct and camera observations (Table 1). The quality of this information varies considerably; it consists of pure descriptions, figures for presence (absence) and abundance of some key taxa or proxies for such parameters, e.g. sea-floor cover. Some data sets even cover a defined and complete proportion of the macrobenthos with further analyses on diversity and zoogeography. As a consequence the acquisition of data from approximately 90 different campaigns assembled here was not standardised. Nevertheless, it was possible to classify this broad variety of known macrobenthic assemblages to the best of experts knowledge (Gutt 2007; Fig. 1). This overview does not replace statistically sound community and diversity analyses. However, it shows from where which kind of information is available and it acts as an example of the feasibility and power of such data collections. The data set provides unique georeferenced biological basic information for the planning of future coordinated research activities, e.g. under the umbrella of the biology program "Antarctic Thresholds - Ecosystem Resilience and Adaptation" (AnT-ERA) of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) and especially for actual conservation issues, e.g. the planning of Marine Protected Areas (MPA's) by the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR).
資料紀錄
此資源出現紀錄的資料已發佈為達爾文核心集檔案（DwC-A），其以一或多組資料表構成分享生物多樣性資料的標準格式。 核心資料表包含 861 筆紀錄。
此 IPT 存放資料以提供資料儲存庫服務。資料與資源的詮釋資料可由「下載」單元下載。「版本」表格列出此資源的其它公開版本，以便利追蹤其隨時間的變更。
版本
以下的表格只顯示可公開存取資源的已發布版本。
如何引用
研究者應依照以下指示引用此資源。:
Gutt J, Barnes DKA, Lockhart S: Antarctic macrobenthic communities: A compilation of circumpolar information
權利
研究者應尊重以下權利聲明。:
此資料的發布者及權利單位為 Antarctic Biodiversity Information Facility (ANTABIF)。 This [DATA(BASE)-NAME] is made available under the Open Data Commons Attribution License: http://www.opendatacommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/
GBIF 註冊
此資源已向GBIF註冊，並指定以下之GBIF UUID: dd92c709-8f7d-4bf3-9897-901aa88486e5。 Antarctic Biodiversity Information Facility (ANTABIF) 發佈此資源，並經由Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research同意向GBIF註冊成為資料發佈者。
關鍵字
macrobenthic communities; trawls; dredges; grabs; corers; direct observations (scuba-diving; sea-bed video; sea-bed photography)
聯絡資訊
- 元數據提供者 ●
- 出處 ●
- 連絡人
- Professor
- 編輯
- Senior Scientist
- High Cross, Madingley Road
- +44 1223 221613
- 編輯
- Contract Scientist
- La Jolla Shore Drive
- +1 858 334 2852
地理涵蓋範圍
The area generally covers almost the entire Southern Ocean, including some ice-shelf covered sites. The vast majority of information is from shelf areas around the continent at water depth shallower than 800m. Non-ice shelf covered shelf areas can be up to 300km wide or the shelf-edge at 600 to 800m depth can "disappear" beneath the floating ice-shelf. Shallow areas (<50m) are rare because 86% of the coast-line is glaciated or consists of an ice-shelf egde. A non-glaciated coast mainly exists along the Antarctic Peninsula. The coastline is either extremely complex with bays, channels , peninsulas, islands etc or less structured, especially where it is formed by the ice-shelf. Overdeepenend basins (inner-shelf depressions) can reach >1200m water depth. Most islands exist west of the Antarctic Peninsula and along the Scotia Arc linking the Peninsula with the southern tip of South America. The coastal waters are mainly affected by the Antarctic Coastal Current (East Wind Drift), whilst the largest off-shore part of the Southern Ocean is dominated by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (West Wind Drift) with gyres of different size. Sediments are predominantly poorly sorted but also cobble "fields", bedrock and pure soft sediments exist. The Antarctic marine ecosystem is shaped by a distinct seasonality of the sea-ice cover affecting a short and intensive primary production in austral summer, by predominantly stable low temperature to which most organisms are specifically adapted and almost missing terrestrial run-off. Most of the shelf-inhabiting macrobenthic species are endemic; some taxa reach above-average species richness (Clarke & Johnston 2003). Only few marine habitats are protected, most of which are small. Plans and proposals for large Marine Protected Areas (MPA's), e.g. in East Antarctica, in the Ross and Weddell Seas exist and demand good scientific knowledge and data.
| 界定座標範圍 | 緯度南界 經度西界 [-83, -180], 緯度北界 經度東界 [-52, 180] |
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分類群涵蓋範圍
Macrobenthic communities have been uploaded in the category "vernacularNames", abbreviations in "taxonRemarks".
時間涵蓋範圍
| 起始日期 / 結束日期 | 1956-03-01 / 2010-02-21 |
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計畫資料
無相關描述
| 計畫名稱 | Antarctic macrobenthic communities: A compilation of circumpolar information |
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參與計畫的人員:
- 編輯
取樣方法
This project aggregates data from various expeditions with a full range of benthic sampling methods, such as grabs, corers, dredges, and trawls as well as non-invasive observations by scuba divers, stationary, towed, or ROV-based still and video-cameras. For detail descriptions see original publications in journals or data repositories (Table 1).
| 研究範圍 | Southern Ocean with emphasize on coastal shelf areas and some islands without specific temporal patterns of sampling. |
|---|---|
| 品質控管 | A first version of the classification of the macrobenthic communities had been published in a peer-reviewed journal (Gutt 2007). A modified version had been published in the Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment report (ACCE, Turner et al. 2009). The actual version is depicted in Fig. 1. |
方法步驟描述:
- Attribution of the information from the different sources (for references see Table 1) to the classified macrobenthic assemblages (Fig. 1) was done to the best of experts knowledge. The principal parameter, on which theses assumptions have been made was biomass or a proxy for biomass such as sea-floor coverage. Some information on benthic functioning is also included directly or indirectly, e.g. predation, competition, succession after ice-berg scouring, epi-biotic life-mode and oligotrophic conditions under ice shelves.
收藏資料
| 蒐藏名稱 | nil |
|---|---|
| 蒐藏編號 | nil |
| 上層採集品識別碼 | nil |
| 標本保存方法 | Other |
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引用文獻
- Clarke A, Johnston NM 2003. Antarctic marine benthic diversity. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review 41: 47-114 Gutt J 2007. Antarctic macro-zoobenthic communities: a review and an ecological classification. Antarctic Science 9: 165-182 Turner J, Bindschadler R, Convey P, di Prisco G, Fahrbach E, Gutt J, Hodgson D, Mayewsky P, Summerhayes C 2009. Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment. SCAR, Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge; 526pp
額外的詮釋資料
Additional files uploaded: list of references (Table 1) & classification of macrobenthic communities (Fig. 1).