Sea spiders (Arthropoda, Pycnogonida) from ten recent research expeditions to the Antarctic Peninsula, Scotia Arc and Weddell Sea - data

データ レコード

この オカレンス（観察データと標本) リソース内のデータは、1 つまたは複数のデータ テーブルとして生物多様性データを共有するための標準化された形式であるダーウィン コア アーカイブ (DwC-A) として公開されています。 コア データ テーブルには、1,330 レコードが含まれています。

拡張データ テーブルは1 件存在しています。拡張レコードは、コアのレコードについての追加情報を提供するものです。 各拡張データ テーブル内のレコード数を以下に示します。

この IPT はデータをアーカイブし、データ リポジトリとして機能します。データとリソースのメタデータは、 ダウンロード セクションからダウンロードできます。 バージョン テーブルから公開可能な他のバージョンを閲覧でき、リソースに加えられた変更を知ることができます。

バージョン

次の表は、公にアクセス可能な公開バージョンのリソースのみ表示しています。

引用方法

研究者はこの研究内容を以下のように引用する必要があります。:

Maxwell J, Gan Y, Van de Putte A, Griffiths H (2023). Sea spiders (Arthropoda, Pycnogonida) from ten recent research expeditions to the Antarctic Peninsula, Scotia Arc and Weddell Sea - data. Version 1.9. SCAR - AntOBIS. Occurrence dataset. https://ipt.biodiversity.aq/resource?r=bas-pycnogonida_2007-2019&v=1.9

権利

研究者は権利に関する下記ステートメントを尊重する必要があります。:

パブリッシャーとライセンス保持者権利者は SCAR - AntOBIS。 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY 4.0) License.

GBIF登録

このリソースをはGBIF と登録されており GBIF UUID: 1e7b6980-0842-4c4a-8b14-541b95d2ed3cが割り当てられています。   Ocean Biodiversity Information System によって承認されたデータ パブリッシャーとして GBIF に登録されているSCAR - AntOBIS が、このリソースをパブリッシュしました。

キーワード

Occurrence; Specimen; ARTHROPODS; OCEAN

連絡先

地理的範囲

The samples were collected from different areas in the Southern Ocean, mainly the Weddell sea, South Orkney Islands, and the Western Antarctic Peninsula.

生物分類学的範囲

Pycnogonida were identified to at least genus or species.

時間的範囲

プロジェクトデータ

Pycnogonida or sea spiders are a class of Arthropoda, that are found throughout the marine realm. They are an understudied group, with little known about their biology, distribution and evolutionary history. Using specimens from the Southern Ocean deep sea the project aims to resolve some of these unknowns by 1) examining compositional and distributional trends; 2) investigating genetic structure among populations of pycnogonids relating structure to distribution, depth and life history strategy; 3) determining how different species are related; 4) testing the theory that the Southern Ocean is where the world’s pycnogonids originally evolved.

プロジェクトに携わる要員:

収集方法

Sample Collection: The majority of the specimens were sampled using an Agassiz trawl (AGT) and an epibenthic sledge (EBS) with 165 AGT and 14 EBS deployments. The AGT had a mesh size of 1 cm and a mouth width of 2 m (except for JR17007 where the mouth was 1.25 m). AGTs were deployed to a depth of between 54 and 2279 m. The EBS had a suprabenthic- and an epibenthic net, both with a mesh size of 500 μm (cod-ends 300 μm). The epibenthic net extended from 27 cm to 60 cm above the bottom, with the suprabenthic net extending from 100 cm to 133 cm. The EBS was deployed as described by Brenke (2005) and was fitted with an open-closing mechanism so that the mouth of both nets were closed whenever the EBS was not in contact with the seafloor. EBSs were deployed to depths of between 436 and 5339 m. Both the AGT and EBS were deployed for approximately 10 minutes (trawling time) and at a speed of 1 knot. Pycnogonids were also recovered from Rauschert dredge (RD) deployments, once during PS118 and two occasions during both JR15005 and PS77. During PS118 and PS77 the RD mesh size was 1 mm, while a mesh of 500 μm was used on JR15005. The RD was deployed attached to the AGT with 5 metres of cable. Deployments were between 278.5 – 817 m. A bottom trawl was used during PS77, which was a 130ft trawl with a 10 mm herring codend. This was deployed 12 times at depths of between 223.5 and 486 m. The protocol for deployment of the BT was similar to that of the AGT but with slightly longer trawl times (approx 20 min). A single pycnogonid was recovered from a kelp raft that was recovered from the surface during JR15005.

Method step description:

1. Sample Processing on deck: EBS – once gear was returned to deck, samples were sieved (300 μm) and/or transferred into precooled (-20°C) 96% ethanol, which were then stored at -20°C for at least 48 hours before further processing to avoid DNA degradation. After at least 48 hours samples were sorted to the lowest taxonomic level possible, counted and stored in 96% ethanol. AGT and BT – once on deck, samples were sorted to the lowest taxonomic level possible, counted, placed in precooled? 96% ethanol and stored at -20°C. All specimens recovered from the trawls during cruises on the RRS James Clark Ross were preserved in this way. It is not known if all specimens were kept on other cruises as sampling may have been selective. RD - The on deck protocol for the RD was the same as that for the EBS, unless specimens were large and immediately obvious, in which case these were separated straight away and transferred to percooled 96% ethanol and stored at -20°C. The kelp sample (Jr15005) was immediately sorted to the lowest taxonomic level possible, counted and stored in precooled 96% ethanol. Specimens remained in -20°C storage until returned to the UK. Once specimens were returned to British Antarctic Survey in Cambridge they were stored at ambient temperature.
2. Treatment of samples: Every specimen was examined using a stereoscope and identified down to the lowest taxonomic rank possible, using the taxonomic keys and original descriptions (e.g. Hodgson, 1907, Gordon, 1938, 1944, Fry &Hedgpeth, Child 1994, 1995). The majority of samples (1019) were identified by J. Maxwell at the University of Ireland Galway, with additional 50 samples identified by J. Domel at both British Antarctic Survey and in Ruhr-Universität Bochum. The online portal World Registry of Marine Species (WoRMS) was used to confirm acceptance of species names and the online Biodiversity Heritage Library was used to source many of the original descriptions. Where identification was inconclusive only genus or family names were assigned. The nomenclature used for these specimens followed Horton, et al. (2021). To further aid in identification, tissue samples were sent to BOLD to be barcoded using COI-5P REGION of the cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene. These will be made publicly available in the future but if not available at time of reading, they can be requested from the corresponding author. All the BAS samples are on long term loan to J Maxwell. All samples from DY099 are stored in the Natural History Museum London. The holotype of any new species discovered within the BAS samples will be sent to the NHM London.

書誌情報の引用

1. Brenke, N., 2005. An epibenthic sledge for operations on marine soft bottom and bedrock. Marine Technology Society Journal, 39(2), 10-21. https://doi.org/10.4031/002533205787444015
2. Hodgson, T.V., 1907. Pycnogonida. Nat. Hist. Reports Natl. Antarct. Exped. 1901-1904 3, 1–72.
3. Gordon, I., 1938. Pycnogonida. Sci. reports Australas. Antarct. Exped. Zool. Bot. 2, 1–40.
4. Gordon, I., 1944. Pycnogonida. B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. Reports, Ser. B 4, 1–72.
5. Child, C.A., 1995a. Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida. III. The Family Nymphonidae. Antarct. Res. Ser. 69, 1–68.
6. Child, C.A., 1995b. Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida. IV. The Families Colossendeidae and Rhynchotoraxidae. Antarct. Res. Ser. 69, 69–112.
7. Child, C.A., 1995c. Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida. V. The Families Pycnogonidae, Phoxichilidiidae, Endeidae and Callipallenidae. Antarct. Res. Ser. 69, 113–165.
8. Child, C.A., 1994a. Antarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida. I. The Family Ammotheidae. Antarct. Res. Ser. 63, 1–48.
9. Child, C.A., 1994b. No TAntarctic and Subantarctic Pycnogonida. II. The Family Austrodecidae. Antarct. Res. Ser. 63, 49–99.
10. Horton, T., Marsh, L., Bett, B.J., Gates, A.R., Jones, D.O., Benoist, N., Pfeifer, S., Simon-Lledó, E., Durden, J.M., Vandepitte, L. and Appeltans, W., 2021. Recommendations for the standardisation of open taxonomic nomenclature for image-based identifications. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, p.62. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.620702
11. The Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research. (2023). SCAR Report 42 - September 2022 - SCAR Data Policy (2022). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7825314
12. Maxwell J, Gan YM, Arango C, Doemel JS, Allcock AL, van de Putte AP, Griffiths H (2022) Sea spiders (Arthropoda, Pycnogonida) from ten recent research expeditions to the Antarctic Peninsula, Scotia Arc and Weddell Sea - data. Biodiversity Data Journal 10: e79353. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e79353

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